From b178bbcf3482c5a73b52e07460ad3ea4c2119784 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: codenigma1 <noobstep.8@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2024 14:43:21 +1100
Subject: [PATCH] Airlines fully customized project and refine query approach
 by using llama in week 2

---
 .../day3-refine-user-query-by-llama.ipynb     |   1 -
 ...day4-airlines-project-fullyCustomize.ipynb | 640 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 640 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 week2/community-contributions/day4-airlines-project-fullyCustomize.ipynb

diff --git a/week2/community-contributions/day3-refine-user-query-by-llama.ipynb b/week2/community-contributions/day3-refine-user-query-by-llama.ipynb
index c54677e..1034274 100644
--- a/week2/community-contributions/day3-refine-user-query-by-llama.ipynb
+++ b/week2/community-contributions/day3-refine-user-query-by-llama.ipynb
@@ -117,7 +117,6 @@
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
-    "# Simpler than in my video - we can easily create this function that calls OpenAI\n",
     "# It's now just 1 line of code to prepare the input to OpenAI!\n",
     "\n",
     "def chat(message, history):\n",
diff --git a/week2/community-contributions/day4-airlines-project-fullyCustomize.ipynb b/week2/community-contributions/day4-airlines-project-fullyCustomize.ipynb
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04a0cf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/week2/community-contributions/day4-airlines-project-fullyCustomize.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "markdown",
+   "id": "ddfa9ae6-69fe-444a-b994-8c4c5970a7ec",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "source": [
+    "# **Project - Airline AI Assistant**\n",
+    "\n",
+    "## **Important Features of Airline AI Assistant**\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### ✈️ **Flight Availability**\n",
+    "- Check available flights to a destination with:\n",
+    "  - Airline name, departure time, price, and duration.\n",
+    "- Alerts user if no flights are found.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 🛫 **Step-by-step Flight Booking**\n",
+    "- Guides users through:\n",
+    "  1. Selecting source and destination cities.\n",
+    "  2. Choosing a flight option.\n",
+    "  3. Providing passenger details (name, age).\n",
+    "- Ensures source and destination are not the same.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 🌛 **Ticket Generation**\n",
+    "- Creates a unique ticket file: `firstName_lastName_bookingNumber.txt`.\n",
+    "- Ticket includes:\n",
+    "  - Passenger details\n",
+    "  - Flight details (airline, time, price, seat number)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 📊 **Generate Summary Report**\n",
+    "- Summarizes all bookings into a single file: `summary_report.txt`.\n",
+    "- Includes all flight and passenger details for review or administration.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 🪑 **Automated Seat Assignment**\n",
+    "- Assigns a random but consistent seat number for each booking.\n",
+    "- Ensures unique seats for each flight.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 💬 **Interactive Chat Interface**\n",
+    "- Real-time conversation via Gradio.\n",
+    "- Provides clear, polite responses based on user input.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 🛠️ **Modular Tool Support**\n",
+    "- Integrated tools for:\n",
+    "  - Checking flight availability\n",
+    "  - Booking flights\n",
+    "  - Generating reports\n",
+    "- Easily extensible for future features.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "### 🛡️ **Error Handling**\n",
+    "- Validates user inputs and prevents invalid bookings.\n",
+    "- Graceful error messages for smooth user experience.\n",
+    "\n",
+    "---\n",
+    "\n",
+    "These features ensure a seamless, user-friendly experience while booking flights or managing ticket details!\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "747e8786-9da8-4342-b6c9-f5f69c2e22ae",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "import os\n",
+    "import json\n",
+    "import random\n",
+    "from dotenv import load_dotenv\n",
+    "import gradio as gr\n",
+    "from openai import OpenAI\n",
+    "\n",
+    "load_dotenv()\n",
+    "openai_api_key = os.getenv('OPENAI_API_KEY')\n",
+    "if openai_api_key:\n",
+    "    print(f\"OpenAI API Key exists and begins {openai_api_key[:8]}\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"OpenAI API Key not set\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "MODEL = \"gpt-4o-mini\"  # or \"gpt-3.5-turbo\", etc.\n",
+    "openai = OpenAI()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 155,
+   "id": "0a521d84-d07c-49ab-a0df-d6451499ed97",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 1) System Prompt\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "system_message = (\n",
+    "    \"You are a helpful assistant for an Airline called FlightAI.\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"When the user wants to book a flight, follow these steps:\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"1. Ask for the source city.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"2. Ask for the destination city (must be different from source).\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"3. Call the function 'check_flight_availability' with the user's destination.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"   - If it returns an empty list, say: 'No flights to that city'.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"   - If it returns flights, list them EXACTLY, in a numbered list, showing airline, time, price, and duration.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"4. Wait for the user to pick one flight option by number.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"5. Then ask for passenger first name, last name, and age.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"6. Finally call 'book_flight' to confirm and show the user the real seat number and booking details.\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"You also have a tool 'generate_report' which summarizes ALL booked tickets in a single file.\\n\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"IMPORTANT:\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"- Always call 'check_flight_availability' if user mentions a new destination.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"- Do not invent flights or seat numbers. Use what the function calls return.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"- Source and destination cannot be the same.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"- Every time a flight is booked, produce a new ticket file named firstName_lastName_bookingNumber.txt.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"- If a city is not in flight_availability, say 'No flights found for that city'.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"If the user wants all tickets summarized, call 'generate_report' with no arguments (the function has none).\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"If you don't know something, say so.\\n\"\n",
+    "    \"Keep answers short and courteous.\\n\"\n",
+    ")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 156,
+   "id": "61a2a15d-b559-4844-b377-6bd5cb4949f6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 2) Flight Availability with Price & Duration\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "flight_availability = {\n",
+    "    \"london\": [\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"AirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"10:00 AM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$799\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"8 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"IndianAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"3:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$899\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"8 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"AmericanAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"8:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$999\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"8 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"paris\": [\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"EuropeanAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"11:00 AM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$399\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"7 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"BudgetAirlines\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"6:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$2399\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"7 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"tokyo\": [\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"TokyoAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"12:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$4000\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"5 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"FastFly\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"7:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$1400\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"5 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"berlin\": [\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"BerlinAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"9:00 AM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$499\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"6 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"AmericanAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"4:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$899\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"6 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "    \"nagpur\": [\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"IndianAirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"8:00 AM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$1000\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"10 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"JetAirlines\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"2:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$1500\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"10 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        {\n",
+    "            \"airline\": \"AirlinesAI\",\n",
+    "            \"time\": \"10:00 PM\",\n",
+    "            \"price\": \"$800\",\n",
+    "            \"duration\": \"10 hours\"\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "    ],\n",
+    "}\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 157,
+   "id": "0696acb1-0b05-4dc2-80d5-771be04f1fb2",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# A global list of flight bookings\n",
+    "flight_bookings = []\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 158,
+   "id": "80ca4e09-6287-4d3f-997d-fa6afbcf6c85",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 3) Helper Functions\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "def generate_seat_numbers(seed_value):\n",
+    "    random.seed(seed_value)\n",
+    "    return [\n",
+    "        f\"{random.choice('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ')}{random.randint(1, 99):02}\"\n",
+    "        for _ in range(5)\n",
+    "    ]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def check_flight_availability(destination_city: str):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Return the flights for a given city from 'flight_availability'.\n",
+    "    If city not in dictionary, return an empty list.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] check_flight_availability({destination_city})\")\n",
+    "    city = destination_city.lower()\n",
+    "    return flight_availability.get(city, [])\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def generate_ticket_file(booking_dict, booking_number):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Create a text file: firstName_lastName_bookingNumber.txt\n",
+    "    containing flight details.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    fname = booking_dict[\"first_name\"].replace(\" \", \"_\")\n",
+    "    lname = booking_dict[\"last_name\"].replace(\" \", \"_\")\n",
+    "    filename = f\"{fname}_{lname}_{booking_number}.txt\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    content = (\n",
+    "        \"Flight Ticket\\n\"\n",
+    "        \"=============\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Booking #   : {booking_number}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Passenger   : {booking_dict['first_name']} {booking_dict['last_name']}, Age {booking_dict['age']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Source      : {booking_dict['source']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Destination : {booking_dict['destination']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Airline     : {booking_dict['airline']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Departure   : {booking_dict['time']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Price       : {booking_dict['price']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Duration    : {booking_dict['duration']}\\n\"\n",
+    "        f\"Seat Number : {booking_dict['seat']}\\n\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    with open(filename, \"w\") as f:\n",
+    "        f.write(content)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] Ticket file generated => {filename}\")\n",
+    "    return filename\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def book_flight(source, destination, option_index, first_name, last_name, age):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Book a flight using an option index for the chosen city.\n",
+    "    - source != destination\n",
+    "    - index is 1-based => we do pick = idx - 1\n",
+    "    - create new booking record, seat assignment, & ticket file\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] book_flight({source=}, {destination=}, {option_index=})\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if source.lower() == destination.lower():\n",
+    "        return \"Error: source and destination must not be the same.\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Convert option index from string to integer\n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        idx = int(option_index)\n",
+    "    except ValueError:\n",
+    "        return \"Error: flight option number is not a valid integer.\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    flights = check_flight_availability(destination)\n",
+    "    if not flights:\n",
+    "        return f\"Error: No flights found for {destination.title()}.\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    pick = idx - 1\n",
+    "    if pick < 0 or pick >= len(flights):\n",
+    "        return f\"Error: Invalid flight option #{idx} for {destination.title()}.\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    chosen_flight = flights[pick]\n",
+    "    airline   = chosen_flight[\"airline\"]\n",
+    "    dep_time  = chosen_flight[\"time\"]\n",
+    "    price     = chosen_flight[\"price\"]\n",
+    "    duration  = chosen_flight[\"duration\"]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Generate seat\n",
+    "    seat_list = generate_seat_numbers(hash(destination + airline + str(len(flight_bookings))))\n",
+    "    chosen_seat = seat_list[0]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    new_booking = {\n",
+    "        \"source\":      source.title(),\n",
+    "        \"destination\": destination.title(),\n",
+    "        \"airline\":     airline,\n",
+    "        \"time\":        dep_time,\n",
+    "        \"price\":       price,\n",
+    "        \"duration\":    duration,\n",
+    "        \"seat\":        chosen_seat,\n",
+    "        \"first_name\":  first_name.title(),\n",
+    "        \"last_name\":   last_name.title(),\n",
+    "        \"age\":         age,\n",
+    "    }\n",
+    "    flight_bookings.append(new_booking)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    booking_number  = len(flight_bookings)\n",
+    "    ticket_filename = generate_ticket_file(new_booking, booking_number)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    confirmation = (\n",
+    "        f\"Booking #{booking_number} confirmed for {first_name.title()} {last_name.title()}. \"\n",
+    "        f\"Flight from {source.title()} to {destination.title()} on {airline} at {dep_time}. \"\n",
+    "        f\"Ticket saved to {ticket_filename}.\"\n",
+    "    )\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] {confirmation}\")\n",
+    "    return confirmation\n",
+    "\n",
+    "def generate_report():\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    Summarize ALL tickets in a single file called summary_report.txt.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] generate_report called.\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    report_content = \"Flight Booking Summary Report\\n\"\n",
+    "    report_content += \"=============================\\n\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if not flight_bookings:\n",
+    "        report_content += \"No bookings found.\\n\"\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        for i, booking in enumerate(flight_bookings, start=1):\n",
+    "            report_content += (\n",
+    "                f\"Booking #   : {i}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Passenger   : {booking['first_name']} {booking['last_name']}, Age {booking['age']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Source      : {booking['source']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Destination : {booking['destination']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Airline     : {booking['airline']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Departure   : {booking['time']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Price       : {booking['price']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Duration    : {booking['duration']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                f\"Seat Number : {booking['seat']}\\n\"\n",
+    "                \"-------------------------\\n\"\n",
+    "            )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    filename = \"summary_report.txt\"\n",
+    "    with open(filename, \"w\") as f:\n",
+    "        f.write(report_content)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    msg = f\"Summary report generated => {filename}\"\n",
+    "    print(f\"[TOOL] {msg}\")\n",
+    "    return msg\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 159,
+   "id": "39fb9008",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 4) Tools JSON Schemas\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "price_function = {\n",
+    "    \"name\": \"get_ticket_price\",\n",
+    "    \"description\": \"Get the price of a return ticket for the city from the flight list data (not strictly needed now).\",\n",
+    "    \"parameters\": {\n",
+    "        \"type\": \"object\",\n",
+    "        \"properties\": {\n",
+    "            \"destination_city\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"City name.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        \"required\": [\"destination_city\"],\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "availability_function = {\n",
+    "    \"name\": \"check_flight_availability\",\n",
+    "    \"description\": (\n",
+    "        \"Check flight availability for the specified city. \"\n",
+    "        \"Returns a list of {airline, time, price, duration}.\"\n",
+    "    ),\n",
+    "    \"parameters\": {\n",
+    "        \"type\": \"object\",\n",
+    "        \"properties\": {\n",
+    "            \"destination_city\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"City name to check in flight_availability dict.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        \"required\": [\"destination_city\"],\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "book_function = {\n",
+    "    \"name\": \"book_flight\",\n",
+    "    \"description\": (\n",
+    "        \"Book a flight using an option index for the chosen city. \"\n",
+    "        \"Generates a unique ticket file firstName_lastName_{bookingNumber}.txt each time.\"\n",
+    "    ),\n",
+    "    \"parameters\": {\n",
+    "        \"type\": \"object\",\n",
+    "        \"properties\": {\n",
+    "            \"source\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"User's source city (must differ from destination).\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "            \"destination\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"User's destination city.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "            \"option_index\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"1-based flight option number the user selected from check_flight_availability.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "            \"first_name\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"Passenger's first name.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "            \"last_name\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"Passenger's last name.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "            \"age\": {\n",
+    "                \"type\": \"string\",\n",
+    "                \"description\": \"Passenger's age.\",\n",
+    "            },\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        \"required\": [\"source\", \"destination\", \"option_index\", \"first_name\", \"last_name\", \"age\"],\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "report_function = {\n",
+    "    \"name\": \"generate_report\",\n",
+    "    \"description\": (\n",
+    "        \"Generates a summary report of ALL tickets in summary_report.txt.\"\n",
+    "    ),\n",
+    "    \"parameters\": {\n",
+    "        \"type\": \"object\",\n",
+    "        \"properties\": {\n",
+    "        },\n",
+    "        \"required\": [],\n",
+    "    },\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "tools = [\n",
+    "    {\"type\": \"function\", \"function\": price_function},\n",
+    "    {\"type\": \"function\", \"function\": availability_function},\n",
+    "    {\"type\": \"function\", \"function\": book_function},\n",
+    "    {\"type\": \"function\", \"function\": report_function},\n",
+    "]\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 160,
+   "id": "1f003836",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 5) Handle Tool Calls\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "def handle_tool_call(message):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    The LLM can request to call a function in 'tools'. We parse the JSON arguments\n",
+    "    and run the Python function. Then we return a 'tool' message with the result.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    tool_call = message.tool_calls[0]\n",
+    "    fn_name   = tool_call.function.name\n",
+    "    args      = json.loads(tool_call.function.arguments)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if fn_name == \"get_ticket_price\":\n",
+    "        city = args.get(\"destination_city\")\n",
+    "        flights = check_flight_availability(city)\n",
+    "        # In this code, we do not strictly store a single 'price' per city,\n",
+    "        # but let's just return the flights with price or \"No flights\".\n",
+    "        if not flights:\n",
+    "            response_content = {\"destination_city\": city, \"price\": \"No flights found.\"}\n",
+    "        else:\n",
+    "            # Return the first flight's price or something\n",
+    "            response_content = {\n",
+    "                \"destination_city\": city,\n",
+    "                \"price\": flights[0][\"price\"]\n",
+    "            }\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    elif fn_name == \"check_flight_availability\":\n",
+    "        city = args.get(\"destination_city\")\n",
+    "        flights = check_flight_availability(city)\n",
+    "        response_content = {\"destination_city\": city, \"availability\": flights}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    elif fn_name == \"book_flight\":\n",
+    "        src        = args.get(\"source\")\n",
+    "        dest       = args.get(\"destination\")\n",
+    "        idx        = args.get(\"option_index\")\n",
+    "        first_name = args.get(\"first_name\")\n",
+    "        last_name  = args.get(\"last_name\")\n",
+    "        age        = args.get(\"age\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        confirmation = book_flight(src, dest, idx, first_name, last_name, age)\n",
+    "        response_content = {\n",
+    "            \"source\": src,\n",
+    "            \"destination\": dest,\n",
+    "            \"option_index\": idx,\n",
+    "            \"first_name\": first_name,\n",
+    "            \"last_name\":  last_name,\n",
+    "            \"age\":        age,\n",
+    "            \"confirmation\": confirmation\n",
+    "        }\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    elif fn_name == \"generate_report\":\n",
+    "        # No args needed\n",
+    "        msg = generate_report()\n",
+    "        response_content = {\"report\": msg}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        response_content = {\"error\": f\"Unknown tool: {fn_name}\"}\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    return {\n",
+    "        \"role\": \"tool\",\n",
+    "        \"content\": json.dumps(response_content),\n",
+    "        \"tool_call_id\": tool_call.id,\n",
+    "    }, args\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 161,
+   "id": "f6b34b32",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 6) Main Chat Function\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "def chat(message, history):\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    The main chat loop that handles the conversation with the user,\n",
+    "    passing 'tools' definitions to the LLM for function calling.\n",
+    "    \"\"\"\n",
+    "    messages = [{\"role\": \"system\", \"content\": system_message}] + history + [{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": message}]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    try:\n",
+    "        response = openai.chat.completions.create(\n",
+    "            model=MODEL,\n",
+    "            messages=messages,\n",
+    "            tools=tools\n",
+    "        )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        # If the LLM requests a function call, handle it\n",
+    "        while response.choices[0].finish_reason == \"tool_calls\":\n",
+    "            msg = response.choices[0].message\n",
+    "            print(f\"[INFO] Tool call requested: {msg.tool_calls[0]}\")\n",
+    "            tool_response, tool_args = handle_tool_call(msg)\n",
+    "            print(f\"[INFO] Tool response: {tool_response}\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "            # Add both the LLM's request and our tool response to the conversation\n",
+    "            messages.append(msg)\n",
+    "            messages.append(tool_response)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "            # Re-send updated conversation to get final or next step\n",
+    "            response = openai.chat.completions.create(\n",
+    "                model=MODEL,\n",
+    "                messages=messages\n",
+    "            )\n",
+    "\n",
+    "        # Return normal text response (finish_reason = \"stop\")\n",
+    "        return response.choices[0].message.content\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    except Exception as e:\n",
+    "        print(f\"[ERROR] {e}\")\n",
+    "        return \"I'm sorry, something went wrong while processing your request.\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "cea4b097",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "# 7) Launch Gradio\n",
+    "###############################################################################\n",
+    "gr.ChatInterface(fn=chat, type=\"messages\").launch()"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "id": "0b39d5a6",
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "llm_env",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.11.9"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 5
+}